Cartismandua
Flourished circa C.E. 43–69, northern England
Cartismandua (Cartimandua) was queen of the Brigantes nation, a tribe of Celtic people in northern England, during the Roman occupation between circa C.E. 43 and 69. Ruling with her husband, Venutius, they were allied with the Roman empire. In the year C.E. 61, Cartismandua betrayed her native tribe and showed her allegiance to the occupying forces by turning over a Celtic resistance leader to the Romans. Shortly after, she divorced Venutius and married his armor-bearer, making him king instead. Venutius waged war on Cartismandua but in the first attack she was protected by Roman troops. However, in C.E. 69, Venutius was victorious, forcing Cartismandua to flee.
