Ancient Near Eastern. <em>Female Figurine</em>, late 5th millennium B.C.E. Clay, pigment, 4 1/8 x 1 7/8 x 1 5/8 in. (10.4 x 4.7 x 4.2 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Hagop Kevorkian Fund and Designated Purchase Fund, 1990.14. Creative Commons-BY (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 1990.14_threequarter_right_PS2.jpg)

Ancient Near Eastern. Female Figurine, late 5th millennium B.C.E. Clay, pigment, 4 1/8 x 1 7/8 x 1 5/8 in. (10.4 x 4.7 x 4.2 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Hagop Kevorkian Fund and Designated Purchase Fund, 1990.14. Creative Commons-BY (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 1990.14_threequarter_right_PS2.jpg)

DOWNLOAD

Download our app and ask your own questions during your visit. Here are some that others have asked.

What is this?

This female fertility figure is one of the oldest objects in our museum! Many of the earliest sculptures around the world represented women with emphasized fertility traits. This example comes from northern Mesopotamia over 7000 years ago.

Can you tell me more about this?

This was made during the neolithic period, when human societies had just begun to settle in one place thanks to the development of agriculture. So we think there may be a connection between this representation of human fertility and fertility of the land.

It is interpreted as being a "fertility figure", and may have been placed in the earth as a way of encouraging that fertility.

What make researchers so sure of what it represents?

They are not sure! The theories are based on the belief systems that existed when people did develop written language coupled with archaeological context.

For this to have been preserved for this long, would it have been passed down through the generations of a family?

More likely, the statue would have been buried at some point and then uncovered in modern times. The best preserved ancient objects in the museum have typically been found in tombs.

Interesting.

Why are the female idols depicted as abstract figures?

Lots of people wonder that! These small female figurines and ones like them are some of the oldest art works known in the worlds today. They predate writing so we can only speculate.

One theory is that communication was more important than realism. You may notice that breasts and pubic regions are emphasized leading scholars to believe that these were symbols of fertility. As long as the viewer could tell that the figure was a fertile woman, it has done its job, it does not need to be realistic. To the same end, these were produced in great numbers and it was easier to make somewhat abstracted figures.

What is the oldest piece of art that Brooklyn Museum currently has on display?

The old work on view--and the oldest in our collection--is a female fertility figurine from the Halaf Period (about 7000 years ago) in northern Mesopotamia.

Was it given to a bride during a wedding ceremony? Like an old school version of putting a ring on the finger?

We don't really know! It's thought that the figure was tied to the idea of fertility, and could be depicting a divine woman.

Interesting

It looks like whoever made it didn't spend more than an hour or two sculpting it.

We find a number of this type of figure in the ancient Near East but they are so early that they predate any writing. Without people writing down what they thought or believed, there's always some degree of uncertainty.

Why wouldn't they have spent more time on making it? Or am I wrong about that?

Sometimes the conveying the idea was the most important aspect of a statue, especially if it's tied to religion.

Female Figurine

Egyptian, Classical, Ancient Near Eastern Art

Like many of the earliest female figurines, this woman is shown with rudimentary arms, large breasts, hips, and thighs, and no indication of lower legs or feet. Her head is small, with unrealistic facial features; it has been heavily restored. The figure was modeled in clay, dried in the sun, and then painted in several colors, with patterns that may represent tattoos or jewelry. Whether images like these represented real, ideal, or divine women, their main purpose was certainly to encourage female fertility.

CULTURE Ancient Near Eastern

MEDIUM Clay, pigment

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS

Possible place made: Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq, Turkey, & Syria)
Possible place made: Northern region, Syria

DATES late 5th millennium B.C.E

PERIOD Late Halaf Period

DIMENSIONS 4 1/8 x 1 7/8 x 1 5/8 in. (10.4 x 4.7 x 4.2 cm) (show scale)

COLLECTIONS Egyptian, Classical, Ancient Near Eastern Art

ACCESSION NUMBER 1990.14

CREDIT LINE Hagop Kevorkian Fund and Designated Purchase Fund

CATALOGUE DESCRIPTION Painted terracotta figure of seated female; highly stylized head with pinched nose, elongated, pointed top (so-called polos type), eyes indicated by two large black masses; thick neck resting on broad shoulders extending as tubular arms which bend inward and support two huge breasts; black dots covering upper torso, breasts painted brown; very thick abdomen covered with tan and black spots; legs shown as extremely thick thighs tapering quickly to pointed feet, legs decorated with thickly applied black bands, some with masses of tan paint in between; back of statuette with single line of red paint running up spine and terminating in two oblique lines at shoulder blades creating form resembling an arrow, mass of dark paint at base of figure's rear.

EXHIBITIONS

MUSEUM LOCATION This item is not on view

CAPTION Ancient Near Eastern. Female Figurine, late 5th millennium B.C.E. Clay, pigment, 4 1/8 x 1 7/8 x 1 5/8 in. (10.4 x 4.7 x 4.2 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Hagop Kevorkian Fund and Designated Purchase Fund, 1990.14. Creative Commons-BY (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, 1990.14_threequarter_right_PS2.jpg)

IMAGE overall, 1990.14_threequarter_right_PS2.jpg. Brooklyn Museum photograph, 2008

"CUR" at the beginning of an image file name means that the image was created by a curatorial staff member. These study images may be digital point-and-shoot photographs, when we don\'t yet have high-quality studio photography, or they may be scans of older negatives, slides, or photographic prints, providing historical documentation of the object.

RIGHTS STATEMENT Creative Commons-BY

You may download and use Brooklyn Museum images of this three-dimensional work in accordance with a Creative Commons license. Fair use, as understood under the United States Copyright Act, may also apply. Please include caption information from this page and credit the Brooklyn Museum. If you need a high resolution file, please fill out our online application form (charges apply). For further information about copyright, we recommend resources at the United States Library of Congress, Cornell University, Copyright and Cultural Institutions: Guidelines for U.S. Libraries, Archives, and Museums, and Copyright Watch. For more information about the Museum's rights project, including how rights types are assigned, please see our blog posts on copyright. If you have any information regarding this work and rights to it, please contact copyright@brooklynmuseum.org.

RECORD COMPLETENESS

Not every record you will find here is complete. More information is available for some works than for others, and some entries have been updated more recently. Records are frequently reviewed and revised, and we welcome any additional information you might have.