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Arts of China

DATES Thursday, October 24, 2019 through TBA
ORGANIZING DEPARTMENT Special Exhibition
  • Arts of China
    China is a vast country, about the same size as the United States. Mountain ranges and deserts connect China with the Himalayas and Central Asia to the west while the Pacific Ocean borders the east. The frozen steppes in the north contrast dramatically with the thick jungles in the south, which border Southeast Asia. Histories of China tend to focus on the eastern half of the modern country, an area centered on the valleys of the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers, home to most of the population. Many Chinese dynasties had their capitals in this area, with their domains expanding and shrinking over time. But there were numerous vibrant kingdoms and cultures outside of this region, all of which contributed to the complex network of beliefs, tastes, and innovations that make up traditional Chinese culture.

    Today, China is home to a population four times that of the United States. The majority is Han Chinese, people who speak several different dialects but share a common written language. As the world's largest ethnic group, Han Chinese comprise 18 percent of the global population. Of all spoken languages, Mandarin Chinese has the largest number of native speakers worldwide. China is also home to an additional 55 ethnic groups, speaking almost 300 different languages.

    China has a historical record that spans almost five thousand years. It was the birthplace of numerous technologies, leading the world in the manufacture of silk, paper, gunpowder, woodblock printing, and porcelain. Within Asia, it was the first region to produce bronze and iron. China exported ideas as well as goods; many of its neighboring regions adopted the Chinese written language (the world's oldest continuously used writing system) as well as Chinese forms of governance, education, philosophy, and aesthetics. China also absorbed many new ideas and technologies from outside, as foreign forces invaded from the north and monks and merchants arrived via the overland and sea passages known as the Silk Roads, bringing foreign religions such as Buddhism. These trading routes have connected China since ancient times with the Middle East, Europe, and other parts of Asia.

    The Brooklyn Museum began its focused collecting of Chinese art in 1909, when it received a gift of one of the most important collections of cloisonné outside of China and also sent a curator to China on the first of two collecting expeditions. Over the course of more than a century, through purchases and generous gifts, the Museum has amassed a collection that reveals the diversity of Chinese art and culture. In recent years, it has formed a collection of late twentieth- and twenty-first century Chinese ink painting and sculpture, reaffirming the Museum's commitment to presenting the innovation and adaptation that has historically been an integral part of Chinese art.

    This installation of the Brooklyn Museum's Arts of China collection is organized by Susan L. Beningson, Assistant Curator of Asian Art.

    The reinstallation is made possible by leadership support from the E. Rhodes and Leona B. Carpenter Foundation and the Freeman Foundation.
  • Arts of China: New Acquisitions of Contemporary Art
    Since 2014, the Brooklyn Museum has dramatically expanded its holdings of contemporary painting and sculpture by artists of Chinese descent, culminating in the acquisition of more than fifty works from the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. These works were created by established and emerging artists of different generations, using experimentation to reinterpret tradition in dynamic and innovative ways. They draw on both Eastern and Western art-making practices and mediums. They push boundaries by manipulating traditional materials and developing unique fabrication processes. In landscape paintings, the artists borrow from historical imagery but subvert its visual language and meaning. The newly acquired works focus on experimental ink painting; calligraphy and deconstructed language; and both real and imaginary landscapes, cityscapes, and celestial patterns. They respond to our present-day concerns about urbanization, the fragmentation of landscapes created by the degradation of the environment, and the rapid pace of China’s modernization, among other issues.

    This special installation of new acquisitions of contemporary art celebrates the opening of the adjacent gallery for the Arts of China.
  • August 21, 2019 Following a multiyear renovation and the reopening of the Arts of Korea collection, the Brooklyn Museum is pleased to unveil two new galleries highlighting its important and diverse collection of works from China and Japan. Opening on October 25, the Arts of China and Arts of Japan galleries will feature masterworks as well as rarely seen or never-before shown treasures from the Museum’s collection of Asian art. Both galleries will also highlight new acquisitions and contemporary works, connecting centuries of artistic practice through common themes and mediums. These galleries have been closed since 2013; the first phase of the reinstallation was unveiled in 2017, when the gallery for Korean art reopened, and will later be followed by galleries for arts of South Asia, Buddhism, Southeast Asia, and the Himalayas. This ambitious reinstallation project celebrates the immense diversity that has long existed within Asia while also demonstrating the exchange of goods and ideas across national boundaries.

    The installation of the Brooklyn Museum’s Arts of China collection is organized by Susan L. Beningson, Assistant Curator, Asian Art. The installation of the Arts of Japan collection is organized by Joan Cummins, Lisa and Bernard Selz Senior Curator, Asian Art.

    “The Brooklyn Museum is excited to present our Arts of China and Arts of Japan galleries, the newest in our ambitious reinstallation of our Asian art collection,” said Anne Pasternak, Shelby White and Leon Levy Director of the Brooklyn Museum. “Through historical masterworks and newly acquired contemporary pieces, we look forward to reshaping the ways in which visitors think about the long histories of artistic practice in China and Japan.”

    The Arts of China
    The Arts of China gallery highlights 5,000 years of Chinese artistic accomplishments, including bronzes, ceramics, painting, and selections from the Museum’s unrivaled collection of cloisonné enamels. The installation will include more than 130 works, many of which have not been on view in decades. Unique to this encyclopedic display of Chinese artworks is the inclusion of contemporary art. Since 2014, the Brooklyn Museum has acquired over fifty contemporary paintings and sculptures by artists of Chinese descent, including Sun Xun, Zheng Chongbin, Peng Wei, Tai Xiangzhou, Zhang Jian-Jun, and Bingyi, among others. The experimental ink paintings by these artists challenge and transform China’s traditional artistic practices, using them to respond to present day concerns such as urbanization, environmental degradation, and the rapid pace of China’s modernization. The contemporary works will be highlighted in a special presentation held in conjunction with the reopening of the Arts of Asia collection, with works from the collection rotating into the galleries on a regular basis.

    On display in the main China gallery will be historical masterworks from the Museum’s collection, including the Yuan dynasty Wine Jar with Fish and Aquatic Plants, widely regarded as one of the finest examples of blue-and-white porcelains in the Western hemisphere; the Shang dynasty bronze ritual vessel (gong), whose design illustrates the spiritual transformation the ancient Chinese believed occurs when communicating with ancestors; and cloisonné enamels. The collection of cloisonné enamels, donated to the Museum as part of a major gift in 1909, is one of the finest of its kind in the world. The gallery is organized by thematic sections: Ancient China, Journey to the Afterlife, Reinventing the Past, Hidden Messages and Wordplay, Later Ceramics and Decorative Arts, and Art of the Scholar.

    Arts of Japan
    The Arts of Japan gallery will trace over 2,000 years of innovation in Japanese art, including Buddhist temple sculptures, Ukiyo-e prints, paintings, and lacquerware. Among the masterworks on display is an oversized painted wood head of a guardian figure from the thirteenth century, with bared teeth and glinting crystal eyes, that was meant to ward off enemies in a Buddhist temple. It features the energy and exaggerated musculature that typify the best sculptures of the Kamakura period (1185–1333). Also on display is a pair of gilded folding screens depicting fishnets hanging out to dry on an abstracted, grassy shoreline. Closely related to screens in the Japanese Imperial Household Collection, this pair has been recognized by the Japanese government, which sponsored its conservation in 1995. Upgrades to the gallery’s climate control and casework make it possible to show this important but fragile seventeenth-century painting in Brooklyn for the first time since it was restored.

    The presentation will also feature contemporary ceramics that represent the cutting edge of ceramic achievement in Japan. By placing these contemporary pieces next to ancient works, the reinstallation illuminates points of continuity throughout the country’s ten-thousand-year history of advancements in ceramics. The Japan gallery is also organized by thematic sections: Ancient Japan, Temple Sculpture in Wood, Tea Taste in Japanese Ceramics, Ash and Clay, Contemporary Japanese Ceramics, Lacquerware, Art of the Ainu People, and Woodblock Prints.

    The Arts of Japan gallery features a uniquely large display of Ainu artifacts. The Ainu people were an indigenous group that lived in northern Japan, where they developed a distinct culture and language from that of central and southern Japan. The Brooklyn Museum has a collection of Ainu wood carvings and costume elements that is unparalleled outside of Japan. Highlights include a handsome robe made from pieces of cotton imported from southern Japan. While the extensive use of cotton distinguishes this robe from the more common clothing made from elm bark, the network of spiraling decorative motifs is typical of Ainu ornamentation. The Museum hopes the presence of the Ainu collection inspires conversations about the ethnic and linguistic diversity within Japan, a diversity that is often overlooked by Western scholars.

    The Brooklyn Museum has collected Japanese works of art since the early 1900s. Since its important holdings of Ainu objects were acquired in 1912, the Museum has continued to be a pioneer in the collecting of Japanese folk art and ceramics created by living masters. The Museum’s Arts of Japan collection is one of the largest sub-collections within the larger holdings of Asian art, consisting of roughly 7,000 objects. In order to provide greater access to these objects, as well as to protect the light-sensitive paintings, prints, lacquered objects, and textiles from extended exposure, displays will be changed on a regular basis. Visitors are encouraged to return to the galleries regularly to see new masterworks and experience the depth of the collection.

    The reinstallation of the Arts of China collection is made possible by leadership support from the E. Rhodes and Leona B. Carpenter Foundation and the Freeman Foundation. Additional support for the Arts of Asia collection reinstallation is provided by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.

    The reinstallation of the Arts of Japan collection is made possible by leadership support from Alan L. Beller, Collie and Charles Hutter, Karl and Jennifer Hutter, Katherine and Eric Mason, Claudia and Wilson Langworthy, and Barbara F. and Richard F. Moore. These generous gifts, and others, were made in honor of longtime Brooklyn Museum Trustee Leslie Langworthy Beller (1951–2017). Additional support for the Arts of Asia collection reinstallation is provided by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.


    Arts of China
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